Hub motors are a type of DC motors that differ from others in that they lack a commutator and brush mechanism to generate power in the windings.

Within a hub motor, the stator remains stationary and consists of a core and slots where copper windings are placed.

The majority of hub motors utilize trapezoidal windings.

To ensure proper commutation, an external driver circuit is responsible for supplying a DC pulse to the stator windings, allowing each slot to be magnetized at specific times.

The inner circumference of the rotor contains a series of magnets or permanent magnets arranged in alternating magnetic fields (north-south-north-south).

Hub motors operate on the same principles of electromagnetism as induction motors, where electromagnets and permanent magnets attract and repel each other.